Firearm



c. c. LooMxs March 7, 1933.

FIREABM 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 26, 1931 C. C. LOOMIS March 7, 1933.

FIREARM Filed Jan. 26

, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .NNl

IN V EN TOR.

ORNEYS.

Patented Mar. 7, 1933 PATENT oFFicrLj-.Q

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS, OF ILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORv TO REMINGTON ARMS .(OIlYly PANY, INC., A CORPORATION DELAWARE mman Application sied Janary 2s, 1931. seri'ai No. 511,190.

rlhis invention relates to firearms, and particularly to firearmsV of the double barrel type in which the barrels are arranged one above the other, such guns being commonly known as over-and-under guns, as distinguished from the somewhat more common typeof double guns in which the barrels are arranged side-by-side. Certain features of the invention, however,'are of general applicability and as to such features the invention is not limited to any particular type of firearm.

The object of the invention, generally stated, is to construct a simple',rugged and eicient firearm. With this obj ect in view, the invention contemplates improvements in the barrel assembly pivoting, the breach closing mechanism, the construction and operation of sears, animproved safety, an improved firing pin mounting, improved hammer cooking and shell ej ecting devices, and an improved foreend construction, together' with thei novel functioning of lthe various parts in conjunc-v tionwith each other, all as more fully here# inafter described.

In the drawings: f F ig.V 1 is a fragmentary, longitudinal,.sec' tional eleva-tion of a firearm illustrating one embodiment 'of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section, upon the broken line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. Bis a fragmentary planvi'ew of the frame or receiver section of the firearm.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section substantially on;

the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the barrel-as-n sembly; note the line 5- -5 on Fig. 1. p

Fig. 6' is a fragmentary sidev elevation of the barrel assembly. l

Fig. 7 vis a fragmentary side elevation, part-4 ly in section, showing particularly the foreend construction and the shell ejecting mech-- ventilated fore-end piece which may be used.

upon the firearm ofthe present invention. The upper `barrel 10 vand the Jlowerbar'rel 11 are rigidly secured at their rear ends in a breech' piece 12, provided with the lateral proJections forming downwardlyy facing jecting inwardly from the sides 15 ofthe main frame. YReferring particularly to Fig. 1,l it'will be seen thatthe centers of the bar-V rel pivot studsl 14 are somewhat above the bottom of the assembly, Vand that the lower part of the rear face of the barrel assemblyfis suitably 4curved to permit itv to swing upwardly with respect to the frame. The relatively vhigh location ofthe barrel pivot'ex'- poses the mouth of the lower barrel chamber after a minimum of angular movement, vof the barrel assembly'relativeto the frame.;`

I The pivot studs 14vv are] screwed into thev side flanges 15 of the frame,fbeing preferably provided with threads of a pitch diie'rin'g, slightly from the lpitch of the cooperatingV threads in the frame openingslthereby rmorey positively securing the studs in place. :Fur-A ther, opposite sides of the studs may be ground to diierent radii, as seen in'Figs.-.1 and 7, the shorter radius curvature of the rearwardly facing portion of the studs con@ forming to the curvature of the half j ournals' 13 on the breech piece. If a journal becomesl worn, due to improper lubrication, astud 14 may readily be replaced by another having .a journal engaging face'of a greater ra dius. The forward or long radiusportionofqeach stud 14 bears against thelarcuatel face of a lug 88, preferably integral with the adjacent flange 15 ofthe frame.

-Tlie lire control mechanism is allsupport-E. V10.9

55. shoulders or lflanges 120 and 121. Thefor ed upon a unitary and preferably integral main frame, which comprises the aforementioned side plates or flanges 15 projecting upwardly from the forward section of a bottom plate 16. The rearward portion of the frame is in the form of an open rectangle, comprising the bottom plate 16, a post or column 17, a top plate member 18, and a breech closingblock or partition wall 19, all preferably integral, and suitably formed to receive and support the mechanism to be described. The post 17 comprises an aperture 171, threaded to receive the stock holding screw. The partition wall 19 is suitably apertured to receive the firing pin, hammer cooking rods, and hammer spring plungers, and the forward end of the top plate 18 is widened and curved to receive Vthe sliding breech cover, all tobe hereinafter described. f The firing pins are' supported and partially housed in a firing pin supporting block 2O secured in place by a transverse pin 21 extending through the breech closing member 19 which is suitably slotted to receive the block 20. The rearward ends of the firing pins lie side-byside in the same horizontal plane (Figs. 1 and2) from its rear end the firing pin 22 for the upper barrel extends diagonally inward, forward and upward, and the firing pin 23 for the lower barrel extends diagonally inward, forward and downward, the points of the pins passing respectively through apertures 24 and 25 in the wall 19 into position to engage the primers of `shells or cartridges in the chambers of the two barrels. The block 20 is suitably apertured and counterbored to receive the two firing pins with their retraeting springs 241 (Fig. 1)

` and a common cross pin 26'retains the firing pins in place in the block 20. After their firing movement the cartridge engaging ends of the firin pins are retracted into the breech closing wal 19 by springs 241, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the firing hammers being slightly retracted as presently explained.

The fire control mechanisms for the two barrels are counterparts, each comprising similar elements arranged side by side; hence, a description of one fire control mechanism is applicable to both. Each fire control mechanism comprises a firing hammer 27 pivoted on the cross pin 28. The ends of cross pin 28 are supported in the frame flanges 15 and a centrally located bearing member 281, said bearing member comprising at its lower end a threaded enlargement 282 which is screwed into an aperture in the frame plate 16 as shown at 282, Fig. 1.

The upper or firing pin and sear engaging portion of each hammer 27 is offset relative to its lower or hammer spring pilot engaging portion, the upper parts of the two hammers lying adjacent to each other (Fig. 2) while the lower parts comprise hubs u271 which extend outwardly to the side flanges 15. Each hammer is actuated by a hammer spring 29 arranged in a suitable well in the bottom plate 16 and acting through a pilot head 30 upon parts of the associated hammer adjacent its pivot, see particularly Fig. 7. Each pilot head 30 comprises an extension 31 which contacts with Aa downward projection 32 on the associated hammer when the .hammer is cocked. l/Vhen the hammer is in its forward or uncooked position a surface 33 of the pilot head engages a suitably shaped surface upon the hammer substantially in alignment with or slightly above the hammer pivot 28. Thus, after a hammer has been moved to actuate the associated firing pin, it mayv rebound or be retracted slightly by theaction of the firing pin retracting spring 241. f

Each hammer comprises a notch 34 upon its outer periphery for engagement with the nose of a sear 35 pivoted at 36 in a pair of flangeplates 37 projectingupwardly from the bottom frame plate 16. The pivot receiving opening in each sear 35is an elongated slot 38 (Fig. 1) for the purpose of permitting the momentary displacement of the sear when the associated hammer is cocked with the safety mechanism in safe position, as hereinafter more fully described. Each sear is urged into the position with respect to its pivot illustrated in Fig. 1 by a spring 39 partially housed in a suitable well in the sear and guided by a spring pilot 40 bearing at its lower end upon a transverse rod 41 secured in the flange plates 37. Each sear comprises a forwardly extending toe 42 adapted to engage a trigger 43 pivoted at 44 in the plate 16. The triggers are provided with the usual finger pieces 45, shielded by a trigger guard 46 attachedlto the base plate 16 in any suitable manner, such as a screw 461 threaded into the plate, and a screw 462, received in a threaded aperture in the shank 282 of bearing member 281. Each trigger includes a rearwardly extending nose 47 overlying a suitable spring 48 by which each trigger is held in contact with the toe 42 of the associated sear. i

Each of the sears 35 is provided with a laterally extending pin or lug 49 adapted for cooperation with a lug 50 upon a safety bar 51. Said safety bar is pivoted at its rearward end to a sliding plate 52 associated with a safety operating finger piece 53. The safety bar 51 extends forwardly and downwardly from the plate 52, passing between and acting as a separator for Vthe sears, and at its lower end comprises a slot 54 which receives the sear pivot 36. It will be understood that there is but one safety bar 51 and that said bar is provided on opposite vsides with lugs 50 for cooperation with the lugs 49 of the two sears. When the finger piece 53 is inits `forward (Fig. 1) position, the lugs 50 upon the safety bar 51 'stand in front of the against operation. Vhen the safety operating finger piece has-been moved forwardly (Fig. 1) to permit firing, it will be restored tofsafe position by the movement of the top lever 55 necessary for opening the breech. This operation io performed through a safety operatingvplunger 56 supported at its rear end in an apertured depending post 57 and pivoted at 5S (Fig. 3) to the huh 59 of the top lever. 'A spring 60 is interposed between the post 57 and a suitable shoulder 61 upon the plunger, thereby not only holding the lunger in its forward position but likewise holding the top lever 55 in its normal position.

Means are provided for' adjusting the safety mechanism, first, soy that it will not be automatically moved to safe position upon the movement of the top lever butmay be manually operated; and second, so that the gun is in ready to fire condition at all times. These `features are desirable, for example, for trap shooting, in which there is no necessity for rendering the gun safe every time it is openedl for reloading, and such functioning is a positive inconvenience. rlhe present invention provides a third position for the safety bar 51, plate 52, and finger piece 53,' in which the lugs 50 stand in the rearof these-ar lugs 49, and theplate 52 entirely vout of the pathvof movement of plunger 56. Adjustable means are also provided for optionallyppreventing movement Vof the safety mechanism to this rearmost position or preventing its movement to its forward or automatically operated position. To this end plate 52 is provided ...with aseries of V` shaped grooves or notches 62 adapted to receive the rounded end of a short plunger 63 pressed inwardly by spring 64 held in place by a short screw 65; threaded into a transverse aperture in the frame 18. The'plate and associated parts are thus yieldingly held in the position to whichV theymay be moved, and are prevented from stopping in an intermdiate position. Fig. 8 shows parts of the safety mechanism in the normal firingposition, that is, with the finger piece 53 moved forwardly. The slot in the frame 18 which receives the plate 52 is of suiiicient length to permitthe movement of said plate to the rearward or manually safe position aforementioned, but movement of the plate 52 to such position is normally blockedby means of a screw 66 threaded into a transverse aperture 661 in the frame v18. Byretracting said screw,plate 52 and associated parts may lbe moved to the manual safe position and will remain there until manually restored to one of the forward positions, the

spring plungers 68 occupying the foremost one of the notches 62, and if it is desired to positively prevent accidental restoration to an automatic safe condition the stop screw 66 may be inserted in front of plate 52 thru the threaded opening 662. Moreover, the parts being in manual safe7 position, they may be set to prevent movement to safe position by advancing the screw 66 thru opening 661 until its conical point enters the suplemental notch 62a in plate 52. In this continuous fire conditionthe gun cannot be renderedv safe, but is 'at all times in a ready-to-re condition. Toprovide for plainly indicating whether the rearm is in safe or readytop-fire condition, whether. it is made ready n toiire by moving the finger piece forward: orbackward from its safe7 position, a suitable lege-nd, such as the: letter S is linscribed by the parts of the finger piece forwardly'and rearwardly of saidfwindow when the mechaf nism is ineither ready-to-fire position.

rlhe, forward end'iof frame plate-18 com-,

prises la rectangular slot 67 through which the firing pin mounting block 20 is inserted in ascrossing its lower end and Ythreaded into the frame.

The hub 59 comprises a central aperture on the topof plate, 18, .or on an insert 531 therein, in position to be'visible thru` a window'532 in finger piece 53-when the mechanism is in csafe position, .andto beobscur'ed In assembly thestud adapted to receive a projection 70 ofthe main Y locking boltlor breech cover 71; said locking y bolt havingr formed therein an annular recess* which receives the vhub 59, as clearly Vshown in Fig. 1. .When said locking bolt is in its for-l` nel* ward position (Fig. 1) itprojects-over the Y rear end ofthe'barrel assembly, thereby locking the breech. The top lever is moved to its. V

normal central position by spring 60, .as

aforesaid; the locking YVboltbeing thereby carried to its forward or breech locking position its forward movement by spring 6'0 is limitedV by a suitable stud 72 which .engages the partition wall 19 of the frame. Movement ofthe top lever to the left from its normal (Fig. A3)

position will retract the locking boltt'opermit vthe opening of the breech by reason of Vthe Yeccentric mounting of the top lever on the frame'18 and itscentral connectionV with the top lever. For accurately guiding its movement, the locking bolt is provided with inwardly extending flanges 73 (Fig. 9)y received in suitable grooves in the frame. y

Means are provided for holding the breech cover retracted until the breech isV closed comprising; a short lever74 ,(Fig. 7) pivoted in one Vof the side plates 15 and urged upwardly` shoulder 76 through its `engagement by the' ledge 120 on the breech piece 12.r

Means are provided for cocling the firing hammers 27 and `for loosening and subsequently ej ecting fired shells while permitting untired shells to remain in the chambers, all upon the opening movement of the breech. rlhese devices may be constructed as follows: Pivoted to each of theffiring hammers is a link or thrust rod 77 which extends through asuitable aperture in the frame ywall 19, forward adj aeent to one of the frame flanges 15, through an aperture in the transversely curved and forwardly inclined joint check 161 formed at the forward end of the frame plate 16. The ends of the flanges 15 are curved concentric with the'barrel pivots 1-1 and receive the correspondingly curved end of the fore-end iron 78. Pivoted at 79 near the curved Send `ofeach fiange 15 is a lever 8() provided with a cam surface S1 engaging aA shoulder 82 on the associated'cocking rod 77. The forwardend of each lever 8O extends into a recess 801 in the fore end, andin the breech opening movement each lever is turned about its pivot 79 through its engagement with the top wall of its recess. In this movement of each lever 8O its cam 81 engages shoulder 82 and thrusts its cooking rods 77 rearwardly thereby cool-:in g the associated firing hammer. If the sear 35 is locked by engagement with the lugs 50 of the safety mechanism its forward end will move rearwardly and downwardly by reason of its slot connection with pivot 36, heretofore mentioned, enabling the hammer shoulder 34 to pass the sear nose.

rThe shell extracting and ejecting mechanism comprises extractor bars 83 (Fig. 6)` mountedwfor sliding movement in opposite sides of the/breech piece 12, such movement i being limited by the engagement of a stud S-l on each bar 83 in a slot 8111 in the breech piece. rlhe extractor bars are provided at their rearward ends with enlarged heads 85 and 86 respectively, (Fig. 5) which are received in recesses in theface of the breech piece 12 and the barrels 10 and 11, respectively, and are provided with rabbeted edges forming a continuation of the shell rim receiving recesses provided in the barrels. Each extractor bar 83 is provided near its forward end with a shouldered recess 87 (Fier. 7) adapted to be engaged in the breech opening movement byan abutment piece 88 upon the adjacent frame flange 15. Thus, upon the breech opening m ovement, each extractor bar is positively thrust rearwardly a short-distance for the purpose of loosening shells which fit tightly` in the chamber and permitlVhen the breech is closed ting their .subsequent ejection by theejector mechanism.

The ejector hammers and sears are mounted in a novel `fore-end iron, best illustrated in Figs. 7 and 10. The rearward portion of said iron has the form of a yoke, (Fig. 10) with side arms orplates 761 extending upwardlyV along` and beyond the lower barrel.V

Eachside plate 761 comprises a longitudinal groove adapted to contain an ejector hammer 89. Space transversely of the plate 761 being limited, each ejector hammer is propelled by a plurality, in the present illustration two, of

'coil springs 90 of rela-tively small diameter,

arranged one above the other. Each ejector hammer 89 is controlled by a pivoted ejector scar lever 91', the downwardly and rearwardly extending portion of which lies adjacent to the arcuate end of a main frame iiange in position to be engaged by the nose 92 of the associated cockingyrod 77, which nose is projected forwardh7 from the frame into position to thus engage the ejector sear lever.9l when the associated ring hammer moves to its `forvv'ard position. each ejector hammer A89 is of such depth that a substantial movement of the sear, carrying its depending arm within theflange 15, is necessary to disengage the ejector scar from its hammer.t This construction is necessary in order to provide that the breechlshall be fully opened, the chamber of the lower barrel clearing the `topo theframe, before the ejectors are operated, and to provide that the ejector sears shall remain in engagement with the cooking rod projections 92 as the cooking rods are retracted in the breech opening movement, in the manner heretofore described. The side pieces 761 of the fore-end iron are apertured, as shown at 762 and 7 63 (Fig. 7) to facilitate assembly and to render the parts easily visible and accessible for inspection and adjustment after `final assembly.

The fore-end may be secured in place upon the barrell assembly in any desired 'mannen vided with a notch adapted for engagement by a latch 95 pivoted at 96 to a reinforced section 7 64 of a forward extension of the lower part `of the fore-end iron. Said latch occupies a suitable aperture in the wood foreend cover 97, which is secured to the fore-end iron'by suitable means such as screws and nuts 971. Latch 95 is moved to 'lug engaging po-l The sear notch 93 in` `11o. One eonstructionfor this purpose comprises n 4a lug 94 secured tofthe lower barrel and proment of the back of said latch with an abutment in the fore-end iron, excessive straining of spring 98 being thus prevented. When the fore-end is thus released, it may be removed from the gun by a forward and downward movement. The barrel assembly may thereupon be removed from the frame by retracting the locking bolt or cover 71, opening the breech, and moving the barrel assembly upwardly and rearwardly relative to the frame.

Fig. ll-illustrates a novel fore-end wood particularly adapted for an over and Vunder firearm in which the barrels are spaced apart through the greater part of the section thereof covered by the fore-end. The wood 97 is provided with a suitable arrangement of Ventilating apertures or slots 972, enabling a free circulation of air around and between the barrels, thus facilitating their cooling.

The particular construction herein described is to be understood as merely a representative embodiment of an invention which may assume many other forms, all falling within a broad construction of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a firearm comprising a plurality of firing chambers located one above another, a fire control mechanism supporting frame, a firing pin supporting block secured on said frame, firing pins held in and diagonally traversing said block the rearward ends of said firing pins being side-by-side in substantially the same horizontal plane and the front ends of said pins being spaced vertically and in substantially the same vertical plane, each ofv said firing pins being provided with a retracting spring.

2. In a mutiple chamber firearm, a pair of similar firing hammers pivoted on a common pivot shaft and a supporting bearing for said pivot shaft located between said hammers.

3. In a firearm, a plurality of ring hammers, a mechanism supporting frame comprising a bottom plate and side flanges, a pivd ing a safe7 position and a firing posiot shaft for said firing hammers having en bearings in said side flanges and an intermediate bearing in a member projecting from said bottom plate.

4. In a firearm, a mechanism supporting frame comprising a bottom plate and side flanges, a pivot shaft having end bearings in said side Vflanges and an intermediate bearing in a member threaded into an aperture in said bottom plate.

5. In a firearm, a frame plate, a member projecting outwardly from and adapted to be attached to said plate, a supporting member extending inwardly from said plate and secured in an aperture therein, and means for attaching a part of said outwardly projecting i member to said supporting member.

6. In a firearm, a frame plate, a bearing member secured in an aperture in said frame plate and projecting inwardly therefrom, a

trigger guard, means vfor attaching said trig ger vguard to the portion of said bearing mem-` ber received4 in said aperture. v

member secured in an aperture in said plate and extending inwardly therefrom, a trigger guard, and means for attachingsaid triggerguard comprising ra-threaded opening in' said-V bearingmember.'

v8'. Ina firearm, a` frame comprisingside flanges, a pair of nfiring hammers having closely adjacent hammer heads substantiallyV midway between said side flanges', hubs vextending laterally from-the bases of said ham-V mer heads, andhammer springs engaging. surfaces near the outerends aof said hubs,

9; In a firearm, a frame plate,'a pair o fV said pivot stud between said sears and acting as a spacer therefor.

1 0. In a firearm`, a pivot stud, supporting means therefor, a pair o'f sears mounted on said stud for rotational movement about said stud and translational movement relative, thereto, and a safety ba'r mounted for trans-f lationall movement on said stud, betweensaid sears, and separating said sears. j

11. lIna firearm, a pair of sears, provided with'projections, a safety bar extending between and separating saidsearS, means on said safetyV bar adaptedin one position of said safetybar to engage said projections and block movement of said sears, and means whereby said safety bar may beshifted both forwardly and rearwardly,

l2. In -a'firearm, a safety mechanism having an intermediate safe position and firing positions on either side of said safe position, and' means adjustable to lock said Vsafety mechanism in one of said firingv positions.

13. In a firearm, a safety mechanism havtion, and means for settingsaid safety mechanism in firing position and preventing its 15. In a firearm, a Abreech locking bolt, a

bolt retracting device, a safety mechanism, having` a safe positionV and a firing position from which yit is restored' to safe position by the movement of said bolt retracting device, said safety mechanism being movable to a second firing position in which itis not affected 'by said bolt retracting device,

Isafety bar mounted for sliding movement on;

IOT)

Yno

iis

and means adjustable to prevent movement of said safety mechanism to the first said iring position.

16. In a firearm, a breech locking bolt, a

'5 bolt retracting device, a safety mechanism having a safe position and a firing posit-ion from Which it is restored to safe posi tionfby the movement of said bolt retracting device, said safety mechanism being movable 10 to a second firing position in which it is not affected by said bolt retracting device, and means adjustable to lock said safety mechanism in said second firing position.

17. In a firearm comprising a plurality of barrels arranged one labove another, a foreend iron comprising a yoke extending up- Ward along the sides of the barrel assembly, ejector' sears and hammers mounted' in the Walls of said yoke, said Walls being apertured opposite the engaging surfaces of the sears and hammers to facilitate relative adjustment thereof.

18. In a firearm comprising a plurality of barrels arranged one above another, a foreend iron comprising a yoke partially encircling the barrel assembly, an ejector ham- Y mer mounted in the Wall of said yoke, and a plurality of springs for lpropelling said ejector hammers arranged one above another in said Wall.

19. In a multiple chamber firearm, a pair of similar firing hammers arranged side by side and having firing pin` engaging portions and pivotal supporting portions, the

T pivotal portions of the hammers being offset with respect to the firing pin engaging portions, and a supporting bearing received between said pivotal portions.

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS. 

